Przez trzy stulecia państwo Lachmidów ze stolicą w al-Hirze, rządzone przez ród Nasrydów, było sojusznikiem imperium perskiego. Jego władcy wspomagali szachów w walkach z Bizancjum i jego arabskimi sojusznikami oraz chronili przed atakami koczowników. Chociaż sojusz był korzystny dla obu stron, na początku VII w. doszło do konfliktu pomiędzy szachem Chosroesem II Parwizem a królem al-Hiry, an-Numanem ibn al-Munzirem. Wśród jego powodów wymienia się przyjęcie chrztu przez an-Numana, spowodowanie przez niego śmierci poety Adiego ibn al-Zayda oraz odmowę wysłania kobiet arabskich, w tym córki króla, na dwór w Ktezyfonie. O ile te przyczyny mogą tłumaczyć usunięcie z tronu an-Numana, to nie wyjaśniają likwidacji jego państewka i wcielenia go do Persji. O tym zadecydowały względy strategiczne – zaniepokojenie Sasanidów rosnącą niezależnością Lachmidów, likwidacja arabskiego państwa Ghassanidów, sprzymierzonych z Bizancjum, ekspansjonistyczne plany Chosroesa.
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